During the Italian War of Liberation at the end of the second world war, Mount Amiata was a natural obstacle of strategic importance for the retreating German army. General Kesselring established command of the XIV armoured corps in Santa Fiora on 12th June 1944. On the same day, the American Air Force bombed the town, destroying numerous houses in Via delle Belle Donne and Via Carolina and killing twenty-four civilians. The monument created by Ildebrando Casciotta is dedicated to the memory of the victims.
